Samsung Electronic

Executive Summary There are many ways specifically in innovation that Samsung is doing well. There is no doubt that they are one of the leaders in their industry. With so many products and product lines there many facets that Samsung is involved in maybe too many. There may need to be more focused. There is a large market that Samsung has but there is still more of the target group that can be reached. Green products have become more important to consumers however the approach to green technology Samsung is taking needs to be directed a different way.Samsung Distribution ChannelThe slowing of buying behavior in the U. S. and recession has made the need for entertainment important to everyone but included in this is the need to be financially savvy. This mindset is a gap that can be filled through marketing properly to the consumers sharing this mindset by purchasing Samsung electronics and staying home to save money essay writer in uk. Introduction Samsung has made many changes throu ghout the years to increase their market share and grow to be one of the top companies in electronics. There has been a growing focus on innovation and design.Samsung has done this by studying target markets in depth. They do this by study groups, creating innovative design labs and sending designers around the world to study museums and architecture. With the target market’s needs and expectations changing more focuses on green technology and the spending habits of consumers has changed. Samsung started with designing and creating simple electronics and now are in a variety of products outside of computers and televisions. This is a problem Samsung is facing is too many focuses instead of how they started in specializing in a few specific products.Samsung has done well in creating design centers across the world that can help study a specific localized target market but when you are designing for so many different target markets whose needs change based on region it can be v ery expensive. There are some generic products that can be made and sold worldwide but you are looking at a high expense for the company. Situation Analysis With the focus of Samsung products having the perfect feel and function, they are doing a great job of studying the needs and wants of the consumer.The innovation awards that have been won throughout the years show their focus and employees is spot on to where they need to be and with sales every year increasing, the current plan they is successful. The company is already aware of some problems and most are specific to products they are creating. Solar panels they are struggling with over supply and price erosion. Electronic batteries where there is such a small demand. Medical devices and biotech drugs face the same issue of having a large chance of competitors to enter the market. All of these things are associated with green technology.There problems are being created and could be avoided by focusing on making their current p roducts more â€Å"green† instead of creating new products. Reducing their carbon footprint is one way they can look at still being involved in the growing green industry. The recession has affected all businesses especially in the United States. The consumers buying entertainment items have decreased but this fact can also be an opportunity to Samsung. There is a way to focus on the costs of going out versus buying a nice 3D television or HD television and staying at home.With so many companies producing similar products the competition that Samsung faces can put a decline in market share within certain product categories. Samsung has the resources and ability to do what they want globally in every product category. The company seems to be willing to make changes and take risks despite the potential payoff or loss. With a large amount of revenue this will allow Samsung to test multiple options without it hurting their productivity and money flow. AlternativesOne alternative Samsung could do is limiting the locations of design centers. Currently the locations span the globe and for the president to be involved in every location would require traveling basically the entire time. To keep a more focused eye on productivity and keep the CEO connected and less reliant on managers and supervisors to relay information. Focus on making current product â€Å"green† from packaging to ways of transportation to export their products across the world. Some of the current products are not selling well and there is an oversupply.By taking focus away from those products this will help save money or use the current money being put in these investments to better use. Recommendations I would recommend Samsung doing a full financial and cost analysis on each product line and see what the top selling products are and make a list of all the products and their ranks in selling. I would suggest doing this annually so they are able to compare from year to year. With this information Samsung will be able to eliminate products that are wasting money and continue to improve and invest in innovation for the products that are selling well.Even taking away some the products that don’t sell well and focusing on the top sellers will help make Samsung be known for making specialized products. Instead of focusing on new green products limit the amount of new green innovation for now and focus on making the current products more â€Å"green†. In addition to narrowing focus on successful products there should be more meeting held to compare the target market research that happens at the many design centers across the world to verify similarities and differences within markets. This will help keep communication open and ideas flowing.If there is a need to continue the green technology product line there needs to be a slowing of production and very detailed account of what is selling from season to geographic location. If there is demand that start s to build then an increase of production would be suggested. In the United States, Samsung is the number one television brand. Although the country is in a recession there is still a large market and amount of money being spent on entertainment. Samsung should start a marketing campaign to show the value in making a large purchase such as a television and watching movies at home.There is no doubt that it is expensive to go to the movies. It is a reasonable idea that buying an HD television or even a 3D television can provide just as good if not better experience then going to the movies. Most of the older generations like to keep very standard electronics and do not need or desire electronics with all the bells and whistles that a younger generation would want. There is an opening to market to the baby boomer generation. These older generations have money and if their old televisions go out or they are want to keep in touch with family they will be looking for something that is sim ple and satisfies their needs.Making a simpler design that could be geared to the older generation is a market within the electronics industry that should be looked at. In addition there is a brand loyalty that is there with this older generation. Brand loyalty when it comes to electronics is becoming rarer with many consumers going with products that number one meet their cost requirement. There are so many competitors that offer similar products. Getting the consumer to keep buying your brand will continue to be a main goal for every company.

Houshold Gods

â€Å"Their life gave our lives meaning, but broken homes will not set again. Their parting was our dissolution, they will never know their household gods are slain. † An intense end to Philip Hobsbaum’s poem ‘Household gods’ which presents the life of a broken home after the people that lived there have parted and left. Through the use of personification, rhyme, punctuation and diction, these small speeches convey the idea of a once happy and lively household now lost and the mournful end it faces.Philip Hobsbaum’s design of structure, punctuation and rhyme establish the furniture’s’ personified being. The poem is divided into nine stanzas, each consist of four lines enclosed by quotation marks to show a different speaker in each stanza. In the first, eighth, and ninth stanza the second and fourth lines rhyme, and these stanzas are spoken by the gods as a group. In stanzas two to seven, they speak as individuals, the first and third li nes rhyme as well as the second and fourth.This personification of the gods allow them to identify with the reader at a more personal level and be able to connect with him, The first stanza is spoken by the entire household, describing its role in observing the breaking of the lives of this couple â€Å"I saw them. I was there. † The author introduces the poem with a gloomy heavy tone, relying on words such as â€Å"breaking,† â€Å"distraught,† and â€Å"despair. † The couples’ breakup is â€Å"mirrored† by the household and foreshadows their future departure. The second and third stanzas are from an individual point of view, they represent some of the couple’s possessions recollecting their joyful past.At first, what seems to be a musical instrument belonging to the woman grieves its disuse, stating that it has â€Å"so long been silent† and it laments over the days when her â€Å"long fingers once caressed [it]. † It also introduces a passionate part of the couple’s relationship previously as it asks: â€Å"was that how at one time she touched him? † The third stanza introduces male’s possession as it recalls a happy past when â€Å"his lips on mine†¦warmed my clay. † This god is most likely a mug that the occupant used, and now he describes the â€Å"kiss† that he used to receive as â€Å"broken and swept away. These missing parts of the house are what take its life away; music brings joy to a home, and coffee in the morning is an indicator of life. The couple’s relationship can be related to the cup, as it was once warm full of embraces and kisses ‘in the morning or in darkness’, and now it is broken and being â€Å"swept away† as it ends. A rug mentions its experience next; it describes the past state of the couple as it used to serve ‘their steady feet,’ but now their steps are ‘tentative’ as they b ecome more reluctant to come across each other.In the past there was a sense of life to the house, but now the carpet feels sorrowful as it becomes a â€Å"street for strangers† as it is no longer able to recognize the transformed couple. It expresses its dismay in the last line which does not flow with the previous stanza to show its feeling of worthlessness and abandonment; it used to serve this couple but now it is merely â€Å"jute and wool† at the front of the house. The god in the fourth stanza, a room or the house also reflects on its abandoned state.It describes the time when they cared for it and made it â€Å"in terms of their vision†, however, the state that the room is in at this point shows neglect and deterioration as the â€Å"walls are pealing. † The house relates to the rug, as it also begins to feel useless after his â€Å"occupants have fled. † The sixth and seventh stanzas describe the final scene that this house lives. The sixt h stanza is spoken by a clock, which ironically speaks of time which does not repeat itself, unlike her hands. It also speaks about â€Å"the climactial moment† which has passed and will never reoccur again, no matter â€Å"whoever will come. This may refer to the house, which has reached an optimum point, and is now falling and could never be restored. The clock tries to â€Å"cough a final chime† but it so badly neglected that it couldn’t â€Å"henceforth [it is] dumb†. The seventh stanza is very similar to the first, except that it is being spoken from an individual point of view. A mirror is speaking about how it â€Å"mirrored their coming here† and is now watching them leave; it is only concerned about â€Å"their outer semblance† since it only deals with superficial aspects of people.The repetition of this stanza serves as closure to the relationship of this couple and their departure, leaving the house for destruction and decay. The final two stanzas are spoken by the gods as a whole, describing the death of the gods as life leaves the house for good. The eighth stanza describes the image of the house: ‘without a purpose,’ ‘chairs not to be sat on,’ ‘the books are stacked’. The author uses a metaphor in the last line ‘a house grown cold’ to emphasize the death of the house, similar to the way a human corpse becomes after all life has disappeared from it and it slowly starts decaying.The final stanza shows the reader that these gods cannot live without the presence of occupants, â€Å"their life gave ours meaning. † Yet there is no possible way for the return of these gods as â€Å"broken homes will not set again†, the concluding presence of the gods is set in the last line â€Å"they will never know their household gods are slain† in order to show the oblivious manner of the couple who will never know of the suffering that those around th em went through, and they will never learn of their death.In this poem, Philip Hobsbaum integrates emotions with household objects in order to allow the reader to relate to a broken household. The author shows the strong consequences that are caused by a broken home, and the need for a strong relationship to maintain it. Hobsbaum seeks to show the readers that a broken home causes such powerful destruction, such as the death of gods, in order to motivate couples to maintain strong relationships, for their farewells are able to create irreversible damage. Houshold Gods â€Å"Their life gave our lives meaning, but broken homes will not set again. Their parting was our dissolution, they will never know their household gods are slain. † An intense end to Philip Hobsbaum’s poem ‘Household gods’ which presents the life of a broken home after the people that lived there have parted and left. Through the use of personification, rhyme, punctuation and diction, these small speeches convey the idea of a once happy and lively household now lost and the mournful end it faces.Philip Hobsbaum’s design of structure, punctuation and rhyme establish the furniture’s’ personified being. The poem is divided into nine stanzas, each consist of four lines enclosed by quotation marks to show a different speaker in each stanza. In the first, eighth, and ninth stanza the second and fourth lines rhyme, and these stanzas are spoken by the gods as a group. In stanzas two to seven, they speak as individuals, the first and third li nes rhyme as well as the second and fourth.This personification of the gods allow them to identify with the reader at a more personal level and be able to connect with him, The first stanza is spoken by the entire household, describing its role in observing the breaking of the lives of this couple â€Å"I saw them. I was there. † The author introduces the poem with a gloomy heavy tone, relying on words such as â€Å"breaking,† â€Å"distraught,† and â€Å"despair. † The couples’ breakup is â€Å"mirrored† by the household and foreshadows their future departure. The second and third stanzas are from an individual point of view, they represent some of the couple’s possessions recollecting their joyful past.At first, what seems to be a musical instrument belonging to the woman grieves its disuse, stating that it has â€Å"so long been silent† and it laments over the days when her â€Å"long fingers once caressed [it]. † It also introduces a passionate part of the couple’s relationship previously as it asks: â€Å"was that how at one time she touched him? † The third stanza introduces male’s possession as it recalls a happy past when â€Å"his lips on mine†¦warmed my clay. † This god is most likely a mug that the occupant used, and now he describes the â€Å"kiss† that he used to receive as â€Å"broken and swept away. These missing parts of the house are what take its life away; music brings joy to a home, and coffee in the morning is an indicator of life. The couple’s relationship can be related to the cup, as it was once warm full of embraces and kisses ‘in the morning or in darkness’, and now it is broken and being â€Å"swept away† as it ends. A rug mentions its experience next; it describes the past state of the couple as it used to serve ‘their steady feet,’ but now their steps are ‘tentative’ as they b ecome more reluctant to come across each other.In the past there was a sense of life to the house, but now the carpet feels sorrowful as it becomes a â€Å"street for strangers† as it is no longer able to recognize the transformed couple. It expresses its dismay in the last line which does not flow with the previous stanza to show its feeling of worthlessness and abandonment; it used to serve this couple but now it is merely â€Å"jute and wool† at the front of the house. The god in the fourth stanza, a room or the house also reflects on its abandoned state.It describes the time when they cared for it and made it â€Å"in terms of their vision†, however, the state that the room is in at this point shows neglect and deterioration as the â€Å"walls are pealing. † The house relates to the rug, as it also begins to feel useless after his â€Å"occupants have fled. † The sixth and seventh stanzas describe the final scene that this house lives. The sixt h stanza is spoken by a clock, which ironically speaks of time which does not repeat itself, unlike her hands. It also speaks about â€Å"the climactial moment† which has passed and will never reoccur again, no matter â€Å"whoever will come. This may refer to the house, which has reached an optimum point, and is now falling and could never be restored. The clock tries to â€Å"cough a final chime† but it so badly neglected that it couldn’t â€Å"henceforth [it is] dumb†. The seventh stanza is very similar to the first, except that it is being spoken from an individual point of view. A mirror is speaking about how it â€Å"mirrored their coming here† and is now watching them leave; it is only concerned about â€Å"their outer semblance† since it only deals with superficial aspects of people.The repetition of this stanza serves as closure to the relationship of this couple and their departure, leaving the house for destruction and decay. The final two stanzas are spoken by the gods as a whole, describing the death of the gods as life leaves the house for good. The eighth stanza describes the image of the house: ‘without a purpose,’ ‘chairs not to be sat on,’ ‘the books are stacked’. The author uses a metaphor in the last line ‘a house grown cold’ to emphasize the death of the house, similar to the way a human corpse becomes after all life has disappeared from it and it slowly starts decaying.The final stanza shows the reader that these gods cannot live without the presence of occupants, â€Å"their life gave ours meaning. † Yet there is no possible way for the return of these gods as â€Å"broken homes will not set again†, the concluding presence of the gods is set in the last line â€Å"they will never know their household gods are slain† in order to show the oblivious manner of the couple who will never know of the suffering that those around th em went through, and they will never learn of their death.In this poem, Philip Hobsbaum integrates emotions with household objects in order to allow the reader to relate to a broken household. The author shows the strong consequences that are caused by a broken home, and the need for a strong relationship to maintain it. Hobsbaum seeks to show the readers that a broken home causes such powerful destruction, such as the death of gods, in order to motivate couples to maintain strong relationships, for their farewells are able to create irreversible damage.

Gender Representation in the Mass Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gender Representation in the Mass Media - Essay Example There are different accounts on how the media makes a representation of women in society through different films in form of documentaries and movies. This is depicted through characters played by women in this movies and documentaries. This study aims at analyzing the representation of women in Legally Blonde with an analysis of the different gender representation of women by the documentaries the Independent Woman and The Merchants of Cool. The Independent Woman The Independent Woman by PBS is a documentary that analyzes the changes in women roles in American television. It traces how there have been changes in the television particularly analyzing how television has represented gender roles. The Independent Woman uses interviews and characterization to bring about the different roles played by women to show the changes in gender representation. The independent Woman gives the role of women as having developed to complex and at times controversial in terms of the characters women ac t and the roles they play. The documentary portents that the days of women being portrayed in a white apron cooking and as house maids are long gone and taken over by further complex and fascinating roles. The documentary makes use of a number of movies with all depicting women as independent, a change from the traditional depiction of women. Independent Woman interviews television stars and producers including Roseanne Barr who acted in â€Å"Roseanne†, Candice Bergen in â€Å"Murphy Brown† Felicity Huffman and Eva Longoria in ‘Desperate Housewives. Felicity Huffman believes that the portrayal of women is about creativity â€Å"as it pertains to television and how it gets to be created†. She acted as Lynette Scavo in Desperate House wives where she breaks up with her husband Tom and contends that motherhood can be hard. This is the first evidence as Lynette is portrayed as having been more independent after the breakup and was able to make her on judgment and decisions. Julian Marguilles, Robert, and Michelle King in the â€Å"Good Wife† are also interviewed. Julianna Marguilles, in Good Wife, struggles to juggle being a mother, working, maintaining a relationship and keep her integrity. James Brooks and Mary Tyler Moore in â€Å"The Mary Tyler Moore Show† and Shonda Rhimes and Sandra Oh of â€Å"Greys Anatomy† were interviewed in the Independent Woman. The other evidence given are the views of actors, producers, influential people in the television industry, creators, and writers giving their insights on their shows, roles and the main topic on the female portray of women on television. The main reasons for the interviews were to get the opinions from the producers and characters as they give to the life to these characters for the benefit of viewers who identify with the character. The conclusion on the independent women is that the portrayal of women by the media has been changing over history. The change is given as the portrayal of women as independent and equal to men. The Merchants of Cool The documentary, The Merchants of Cool, mainly deals with the commercialization of youth’s culture by marketers through studying their culture and amplified then sold back to them through a reverse loop. It documents the actions of manufacturers and advertisers in ensnaring the youth to purchase their products by making them use these items popular culture hence, augmenting the level of consumption of these products by the youth. The Merchant of Cool presents the idea that the people have the idea that others are good looking or trendy, hence the need for them to purchase for them to fit in the group. The other way the marketers and the media

Kurdish Terrorism in Turkey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kurdish Terrorism in Turkey - Essay Example Many are known to have prospered in this region, with some acquiring higher education to become doctors and government officers amongst other professions such as teaching. Those who remain in the Eastern part are usually compelled by circumstances to join the guerrilla forces of the Kurdish Workers Party (PKK), which claims to fight for the right of the Kurdish people in the region which is largely under developed. This essay is a critical evaluation of Kurdish terrorism in Turkey. The manifestation of the issue in world politics has been explained using the liberalist as well as the realist point of view (Saeedpour and Beaudin 2003 p. 178). The remote Eastern part of Turkey lacks basic infrastructure that can encourage investment in the region. The Kurds view this as a result of government’s negligence and thus it forms the basis of their complaints (Edgar 1996 p. 339). The government favors the Kurds who do not assert their Kurdish nationality. These are mainly those who have migrated to the developed Western region of the country. This is one of the main factors that contribute to terrorism, being retaliation for the denial of what the Kurds regard as their rightfully owned country. The optimism that the terrorists in Turkey have in regard to the outcome of their struggle forms the basis of their realistic point of view. They believe that they will one day get back what they have been denied for years. The Kurdish terrorists initially demanded that the original names of the Kurdish names be restored. They believe that the names that were instituted by the government lower the dignity of the Kurdish people and that it will be restored once the towns’ real names are re-established. Their grievances are presented through the PKK party which was founded by Abdullah Ocalan, with a philosophy based on Kurdish nationalism. This party was mainly focused on the establishing a Kurdish nation believing that this would present them with a chance to manage

Symbolism in Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne Essay

Symbolism in Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne - Essay Example Symbolism, most of which is spiritual, is used throughout the story to show the downfall of the once-holy community, including Goodman Brown. Faith is a symbol unto herself, from her name to the pink ribbons that she wore in her hair. As Goodman Brown sets out to meet with the devil, he talks himself into giving up such a horrid life for the sake of Faith. Whenever he thinks about the evil deed at hand, he allows his mind to turn back to Faith. This can be taken in two ways - Faith, as in his wife, and faith, as in his religious beliefs. Faith, his wife, is a personification of Goodman Brown’s spiritual faith. He does not want to live a life of evil, but one of good, religious faith. As such, Faith symbolizes Brown’s desire to live a religiously fulfilling life while also, while also wanting to remain good for the sake of his wife. Faith’s ribbons symbolizes Faith and her purity. The ribbons are pink, a color often associated with purity and innocence. As she say s goodbye to her husband as he leaves, Brown takes notice of the pink ribbons in her cap. At this moment in the story, Faith is pure and innocent. However, as Brown is wandering through the forest towards the evil gathering, he thinks he hears her voice, calls out to her, and then notices one of her pink ribbons falling from the sky. Since the ribbons symbolize purity, then as Faith loses her ribbons, she also loses her purity.

Assingment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Assingment - Assignment Example These include annolighting a text; annotating a text; frame of reference; key concept synthesis; and inferential reading (Greece Central School District). As mentioned above, the chosen lesson topic is the making of apple pie, and for this the plans for reading strategies before, during and after reading are straightforward. Before reading, the plan revolves around using the frame of reference strategy. This is to essentially contextualize the making of apple pie using my knowledge of other processes that are similar to making apple pie, to ground my thinking and relating processes. During reading, my chosen strategy is to annotate the text. This is to make sure that I cover all of the text, and not miss out on important points. Suggested texts here are the different recipes for making apple pie, from what geographies, and the inherent challenges in each set of recipes. Evaluation of learning here would be based on how well students are able to cover the many different details of the process. For after reading, the chosen strategy is Key Concept Synthesis. This is to make sure the students are able to grasp the big picture after absor bing the details (Greece Central School

Summary of Leviticus 25,26, Numbers 9, Deuteronomy 6 Assignment

Summary of Leviticus 25,26, Numbers 9, Deuteronomy 6 - Assignment Example This passage is important as it gives the significant celebrations that people ought to observe as commanded by God. The Sabbath year, for example, marks a year of rest as people should not sow or reap in that year, while the year of Jubilee depicts a time of liberty for the children of God. The Passover helps in reminding people that God saved them from the Egyptians, hence have a responsibility of obeying Him and loving Him as their only God. The passage shows that God loves His people, as he desires them to rest at various times, instead of working all the time. The Passover also depicts God’s love for humankind as he saved them from slavery. More to these, the passage shows that man belongs to God, thus must submit to his commands. Consequently, obedience leads to prosperity and long life as depicted in Deuteronomy 6:2, while disregard for the laws causes immense suffering. The passage also highlights the importance of keeping the laws and passing them on to future generations, so that all people get to live in accordance with God’s expectations. In addition, the passage relates righteousness to obeying the commands of God. Keeping all the commands equates to fearing God, and giving thanks to Him for delivering humanity from the bondage of the Egyptian oppressors. Conclusively, the passage seeks to highlight some of the important occasions we should observe in life as required by God. Prosperity follows those who obey, while the disobedient are punished for their actions.  

Criteria of Leadership Effectiveness Research Paper

Criteria of Leadership Effectiveness - Research Paper Example   This is a critical position. Managerial skills, competency, accountability, service delivery and program implementation are some of the criteria through which a minister is evaluated. Managerial skills entail the ability to control the whole ministry, for instance, the Ministry of Education and ensure efficiency at all lower levels. In actual sense, it is termed as administrative capability Competency bases on the ability to deliver and suitability to hold such a high profile position. In such cases, evaluation based on educational background and experience. Accountability, though a managerial skill, it is an independent variable. Ministries deal with lots of cash and thus a minister is evaluated on the basis that the money and services can be accounted for to the last coin. Service delivery is the actual performance towards the set goals. Ministerial positions aim at serving the public and thus its effectiveness is based on this principle by delivery satisfactory results. It all depends on proper implementation of programs.This is the most widespread form of ethical challenge present in almost all organizational systems. By prioritizing issues, there is a huge chance for entities to use bribe as a tool with which they can ensure their ideas are given the first priority. Such unauthorized or formal procedures are considered unethical in any setup. It is difficult to fully contain every bribery situation but it can be reduced by sticking to the stipulated guidelines and penalizing those who indulge in such activities.

Effects the Media has on Child development Research Paper

Effects the Media has on Child development - Research Paper Example From the first appearance of television sets in living rooms in the 20th Century, there has been a concern on their impact on the viewers, particularly the children. Recent years has seen this concern extended to electronic media including computers. The fact that children spend seven hours per day on average in media such as televisions, computers and other electronic devices, as noted by the American Academy of Pediatrics, AAP indicates the important role that the media plays in shaping development in children. Kirkorian et al. (39) observe content as the most crucial determining factor in evaluating how media affects development in children. Therefore, depending on the content in the media under focus, the effect on child development could either be positive or negative. Media play an important role in language acquisition. As observed by Kirkorian (40), children who watched Sesame Street, a preschooler educational program, learnt vocabulary, identification of numbers and letters and concepts including shapes and colors. Television viewing has in particular been noted to impart language learning especially if the programs include on-screen characters talking to children. Children to whom English is not their first language could take advantage of this opportunity to learn the language as they watch English programs. Media has been credited with designing programs that aim at communicating social or academic skills which help children in learning the intended lessons. Programs dealing with diverse literacy in children including science, mathematics and social skills promote learning in children. Kirkorian et al. (46) observe that Blue Clues, a television program focused on cognitive and social problem-solving skills among preschoolers, caused children to be more systematic and successful in problem solutions. The Canadian Pediatric Society (303) also sites Sesame Street as an example of a television program that teaches children important social aspects such as cooperation, kindness, racial harmony and the alphabet. Such programs stimulate children to visit libraries, museums and bookstores among other active recreational places that impart positive learning. This could also be said of Internet websites that have curricula to prepare preschoolers for schooling. In fact, various software programs have been produced to this effect and the impact has been positive. Therefore, educational media improve on educational achievement of children. Critics argue against media as negatively impacting on the development of cognitive skills in children. This argument mainly revolves around attention development. According to Sigman (102), the frequent switch in content and scenes disrupt the ability of children to sustain attention. Additionally, early exposure to non-educational entertainment and violent media programs has been positively associated with attention problems. Kirkorian et al. (45) give an example of a study that compared the effect of a pro-social program, Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood and violent cartoon, Batman. The findings support the correlation between the content of media programs and attention skills in the children being studied. The children exposed to violent cartoons showed decreased self-regulation whereas those exposed to the pro-social program exhibited tolerance of delay, rule obedience and task persistence. It would be important to appreciate that the two programs not only

Public use Heliports Essay Example for Free

Public use Heliports Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚   Heliports is a small airport variable only for use by helicopters. In the heliports we have windsock which are for the direction of the landing of helicopters, and also heliports contain one or more helipads which have limited facilities such as lighting and fuel. In larger towns, heliports are usually situated closer so as to give quick service to customers. Heliports give advantages in terms of travel to many urban destinations or even to the city’s airport which can be more much faster than driving there. In the hospitals, we have helipads for faster service so as to give emergency cases of the patients more quicker service in terms of remotes areas. Heliports have no orientation and no standard fashion like runways because of its service to customers and the space which it occupies. Heliports, the light usually consists of a circle or square of insert lights around the lift off area and another around the overall landing area in the take off area. Issues and challenges facing the development of heliports   Ã‚   The public perception in the growth of heliports is that the excessive noise produced by the helicopters which encourage noise pollution in the urban and rural areas whereby noise which comes from cars, music and people are less accountable by public. Also the reduction of traffic jams on the public used roads by vehicles. Development of public use heliports one has to believe is not the road to riches, but the way to manage it rightfully and generate income is difficult, thus the challenges are just like any business venture. Heliports could be viable but to venture into this business you need to have revenue and building infrastructure so as to hire a manager and partner.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The development of public use heliports must be designed so as to attract the travelers and to modernity the landing and service facilities which are supposed to be used in the heliports. The creation of heliports in the cities is the negative effects on the adjacent residence and to get the land so as to set heliports is very difficult around the cities because of discouragement of noise pollution. In other cities, heliports are said to harbor traveling of terrorists and other awful activities. The heliports managers must watch costs, and understanding profit and loss statements and their impacts. Managers must be good so as to promote the business and maintaining a good relationship with local communities and the government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the core challenges facing public use heliports is the private heliports, where the private use their own price to attract the costumers and also the service which are rendered by the company. The issues of availability of fuel, hangars, and maintenance of heliports must be focused as the first challenge that degrades the development and this also brings the problem between the manager and property owners. Citizen in different cities have tried to complaint about the manufacturing of the heliports, this is because of noise, geographical issues, economics and the level of tourist that brings the site of positioning of heliports to be difficult and challenge to developers. Even in a city with no noise complaints, city planners are adopting the view that the public doesn’t consider heliports the best use of land. Unfortunately, there are cities which have public use heliports, but city officials felt that a new convention centre parking lot would better serve the public and generate revenue as opposed to expenses. (Bednarek, 2001). Reference: Bednarek, J, R. (2001). America’s Airport. Texas A M University Press.

Womens Suffrage In England

Womens Suffrage In England The investigation assesses whether violent militant tactics by the Womens Social and Political Union founded by Emmeline Pankhurst from 1903 to 1914 were necessary in order to gain womens suffrage in England. I will be using several primary sources. One of them is written by Emmeline Pankhurst herself in 1914 called My Own Story. The other is written by her daughter Sylvia E. Pankhurst called The Life of Emmeline Pankhurst. I will also use snippets from local newspapers like The Morning Post. Other works will be analyzed like The Fighting Pankhursts by David Mitchell and You Wouldnt Want to Be a Suffragist! by Fiona Macdonald. To evaluate whether or not the tactics used by Pankhursts group was crucial in the fight for the right to vote, this investigation will use these sources to look into public opinions. The reactions and outlooks on the WSPU from the press, government, and the general public will all be considered. Also, I will examine the three stages of the WSPU; before violent militant tactics were used, during, and after. Part B: Summary of Evidence Their slogan was: Deeds, not words! The groups militancy first took non-violent forms from giving speeches, petitions, rallies, newsletters, etc. The actions turned extreme; chaining themselves to park railings, breaking shop windows, setting mailboxes on fire, digging up golf courses, burning down railway stations and churches.  [1]   Each time they took part in a violent protest, arrests occurred. The British government hoped that this would stop them from protesting again.  [2]   On May 12, 1905, a bill for womens suffrage was denied and the Union began a rowdy protest outside the Parliament building, which police tried to force away. Pankhurst considered this event to be a successful demonstration of how militancy can capture attention.  [3]  Pankhurst said, We are at last recognized as a political party  [4]   The WSPU had a bad relationship with the Liberal party. They protested against candidates that were a part of the ruling government because they refused to pass it, which forced them into a conflict with the Liberal Party.  [5]  WSPU was often blamed for spoiling elections for the candidates. Pankhurst was once attacked by Liberal supporters who blamed her for ruining their chances against the Conservatives. They beat members and threw rocks and rotten eggs.  [6]   In 1909, the members vowed to go on hunger strikes whenever they were imprisoned.  [7]  However, the Government counteracted this with force feeding.  [8]  The National Union of Womens Suffrage Societies led by Millicent Fawcett were disappointed that these publicity stunts were the chief obstacles in the way of success of the suffrage movement in the House of Commons.  [9]   Snippets from an article in the Morning Post: The Suffragette newspaper must be put a stop to. Proceedings would be taken immediately against any person who made a speech in encouragement of the unions course of conduct. They called the WSPU a danger to the civilized community and a vast amount of public inconvenience to the public. They disapproved of The Suffragette newspaper because it was a danger to society since it contained articles approving and praising those who fortunately had been detected by the police in the act of committing crimes.  [10]   The Independent Labour Party organized a committee for women suffrage and formed a Conciliation Bill so the WSPU suspended their actions, but this truce was ended when it was obvious the bill would not pass when the Prime Minister, Lloyd George wrote to The Times demanding the rejection of the Conciliation Bill, to demonstrate the folly of militant tactics,  [11]  The Bill was lost by fourteen votes and the WSPU accused Lloyd George of having organized the defeat. The Judge insisted upon a verdict of guilty saying If I had observed any contrition or disavowal of the acts you have committed, or any hope that you would avoid repetition of them in future, I should have been very much prevailed upon.  [12]   In 1912, WSPU came up with arson as another militant tactic and used it for the next two years. Pankhursts approval of property damage led many to leave the Union.  [13]   In the Daily Mail, they referred to the WSPU in a derogatory term suffragette, which they used to their advantage by coining their own unique name. When World War I came around, the women realized it was no time for protests and focused on supporting the British against the German. They joined in the war effort working as nurses, building up mother and infant clinics, restaurants, workrooms for unemployed, urged women to aid industrial production, etc.  [14]  In 1918, the British Parliament gave the vote to British women age 30 or over.  [15]   Word Count: 597 Part C: Evaluation of Sources I thought it would be fitting to use parts of Emmeline Pankhursts autobiography from the internet called My Own Story. It was published in 1914 in the midst of all the controversy the WSPU was being put under the spotlight for. Her purpose for the autobiography was so that the public would hear about the women suffrage cause through her own words and not the newspapers, who often criticized the suffragettes. Since this source is written from the leader of the WSPU herself, the value in it is that it is the best form of primary source available. First-hand accounts of situations and events are available through this autobiography. My Own Story also provides Pankhursts take on the militant tactics her group used in order to get their message across. This however, can as well be a limitation. This source only provides Pankhursts opinions and not the opinions of the Government and politicians, which I need in order to assess whether or not the Unions tactics were crucial in achieving wom en suffrage. Obviously Pankhurst will be in favor of anything the WSPU does, so I mainly just need this source to clarify what really happened in the years of 1903 to 1914. The Life of Emmeline Pankhurst is another primary source written from another perspective. The author is Emmelines daughter, Sylvia E. Pankhurst, who was involved with the WSPU until 1914. Her purpose was to inform the public of her mothers life from the perspective of someone who personally knew her. There is value in the fact that Sylvia is Emmelines daughter and that she was actually a part of the suffragettes. She was there in the actual events, so we know that her statements are accurate or close to what really happened. However, this book is limited because of Sylvias bias towards her mother. The book is written to praise her mothers actions. Word Count: 314 Part D: Analysis Does violence ever resolve anything? The Womens Social and Political Union sure believed so. Their slogan Deeds, not words!  [16]  highlights their actions over the years of 1903 to 1914. As their tactics turned extreme, WSPU headlines became frequent in the British news.  [17]  The members of the WSPU felt that violence was the only way they could obtain suffrage and some historians believe that it is what successfully won them the vote, but I believe that it actually slowed down the process. It is important to understand that it is not because of the violent militant tactics her suffragettes, which was a derogatory term coined by the Daily Mail  [18]  , used that won women the vote, but rather what they did after they chose to end the violence. The violence was only successful in one way, in that it brought about much publicity. Newspapers provided the public with reports of events and the suffragettes were pleased that their cause was becoming open to the public. Their first highly publicized event was on May 12, 1905, when a bill for womens suffrage was denied and the WSPU decided to protest outside the Parliament building, ending in a battle with the police. Pankhurst felt that this was a successful demonstration on how militancy can capture attention  [19]  and even expressed in her autobiography My Own Story that this helped them to become recognized as a political party.  [20]  They however received a lot of backlash for their actions. An article in the Morning Post talked about how a politician felt that the WSPUs newspaper, the Suffragette, must end because it is a danger to society since it contained articles approving and praising those who fortunately had been detected by the police in the act of committi ng crimes.  [21]  The fact that a politician would publically express his harsh thoughts on the WSPU shows that his feelings were general throughout the Parliament. As the WSPU became increasingly militant, they formed unfriendly relationships with the Government. I think that instead of opening up the politicians eyes on supporting their cause, it just made them more annoyed and intransigent. One example was their relationship with the Liberal Party. Since the WSPU only focused on suffrage for women, they quickly opposed parties that did not make it their priority including the ruling government.  [22]  Pankhurst recalls in her autobiography being blamed for spoiling elections for the Liberal candidates against the Conservatives and being beaten and thrown rocks at.  [23]  Another example of how much the Government detested Pankhursts Union was the situation with the Conciliation Bill. Emmeline Pankhursts daughter, Sylvia E. Pankhurst, recalls what happened in her novel; the Independent Labour Party wanted to call truce with the WSPU by forming a committee for women suffrage if the suffragettes suspended their actions.  [24]  Howeve r, the Prime Minister Lloyd George issued a statement to The Times demanding the rejection of the Conciliation by voting with the Members of Parliament.  [25]  When the Bill was lost by fourteen points, it went to Court with Lloyd George accused of having organized the defeat by persuading Members to vote against it.  [26]  The Judge dismissed the case probably because the Government had more power than the women had and because the Judge knew that the members of the WSPU were lawbreakers who were looked upon as undeserving in the politics world. Suffragettes were continually arrested at their violent protests as the Government hope that they would stop protesting.  [27]  They decided to create a stir with hunger strikes in an attempt to force the Government to give into their demands, rather than see them starve to death.  [28]  The Government stayed persistent and force fed the women with straps and tubes. By this point, the public was growing irritated with the group as even Millicent Fawcett, leader of the National Union of Womens Suffrage Societies and once a supporter of the WSPU, became disappointed with these publicity stunts that she claimed were hindrances to the suffrage movement.  [29]  Even their own members became fed up with the Union when in 1912, they came up with arson as another militant tactic setting fire to political buildings and theaters.  [30]  Several did not approve of this and left the Union. The more they tried to cause a stir, seems like the more the public grew weary of their cau se. The arrests in the press were repetitive and for years nothing really progressed, showing that even though the country knew about their cause, less people began to care. The male politicians persisted in not allowing women suffrage probably because they felt that if women behaved like criminals, then they should not be given the same rights as voters. The more extreme they got, the more they alienated people to support their cause. Even though their actions attracted lots of publicity, violence left towns unsafe and ended up giving them the opposite of what they intended, which was the public disapproving of the women suffrage cause. Opponents of womens suffrage in Parliament referred to the violent tactics in debates on why women suffrage should not be granted.  [31]  The Parliament and WSPU had reached a stalemate; the more violence the suffragettes used, the more unwilling Parliament was, and the more Parliament was obstinate, the more violent the suffragettes became. When World War I started, the suffragettes decided to suspend their activities since the violence of the war would render the womens militancy as weak and they realized they should exert their energy onto supporting their country so they joined in the war effort by working as nurses and building clinics and workrooms for unemployed.  [32]  Their hard work gained them a new reputation with the public. It wasnt until 1918 at the end of the war that the Parliament granted the vote to women 30 years of age or older.  [33]   Word Count: 748 Part E: Conclusion The fact that women did not get the right to vote until 4 years after the war started and the suffragettes suspended their militant actions shows that it was their war efforts that aided them and not their violence. I believe that violent militant tactics were not necessary in order to gain womens suffrage. The tactics helped them positively in their early years, but once arson and bombing started to take place, antagonism against them aroused. There is no doubt that it gained them great publicity and allowed their cause to be heard around England, but their actions worked against them as they became more violent through the years. I think, even quite possibly, the Womens Social and Political Union was unnecessary because there were several other peaceful groups out there. The 1918 Act was passed as recompense to the women for their war efforts, not because the Parliament finally listened to the angry cries of the suffragettes. Word Count: 158 Part F: Sources Macdonald, Fiona, You wouldnt want to be a Suffragist! UK: The Salariya Book Company Ltd, 2008. Mitchell, David, The Fighting Pankhursts. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1967. Pankhurst, Emmeline, My Own Story. New York: Hearst International Library, 1914, pp. 4-9, 270-283. Pankhurst, Sylvia E., The Life of Emmeline Pankhurst. New York: Karus Reprint Co., 1969. Bomb at St. Pauls, unsuccessful attempt to wreck chancel, supposed suffragist outrage, Morning Post, 8 May 1913.

Strategy Amidst Tactics Essay -- Military Science

World history has given people numerous amounts of lessons to learn from and has shown perfect examples of ideal decision making and terrible decision making. One outstanding detail is the fact that history has displayed that war is inevitable. Rationally, war seems as if it can be avoided, especially because it usually begins over disputes, ranging from territorial ones or over resources. However, war traces back to civilization, and a number of the most intellectual leaders in the world resorted to declaration of war to resolve matters of territorial gain, nationalism, resources, and a variety of other reasons. War therefore has been established as a fragment of life, with countries consistently developing their militaries and weapons. Consequently, a strong, successfully military is ideal with the threat of war always on the horizon. But what makes a military successful? War simply has no rules; there are no limitations on weapons or damage that can be done or how many people are to perish before it is all over, so what does every military need? â€Å"The suprerior fighter does not rely on his powerful punch or quick reflexes. Instead he creates a rhythm of the fight that suits him, advancing and retreating at a pace he sets†¦ He wins not with his fists but by controlling the ring† is a quotation that sheds light on the solution. The solution: strategy. For example, there have been moments in history in which a country should lose because they were outnumbered militarily or in terms of resources, but strategy allowed them to prevail as the victors. The United States is a country that has a successful military, but has also relied on a few consistent strategies during its establishment and development as a nation. Throughout America... ...rnes and John Daniel Hayes. The battle of Port Royal, S.C.: from the journal of John Sanford Barnes, October 8 to November 9, 1861. Kimmett, Larry, and Margaret Regis. U.S. submarines in World War II: an illustrated history. Seattle, Wash.: Navigator Pub., 1996. Mark Parillo, "The Imperial Japanese Navy in World War II," in Reevaluating Major Naval Combatants of World War II (New York, Greenwood Press, 1990), p. 64. Painter, David S. 2009. "The Marshall Plan and oil." Cold War History 9, no. 2: 159-175. Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost (accessed April 20, 2012). Parillo, Mark P.. The Japanese merchant marine in World War II. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1993. Rickard, J.. "Battle of Port Royal, 7 November 1861." Military History Encyclopedia on the Web. http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_port_royal.html (accessed February 11, 2012).

Leadership and Change :: Management

Leadership and Change Management Introduction The gap between designing a new organization on paper and bringing it into reality is the domain of organization change and development. Kurt Lewin, a famous social psychologist, once wrote that a social organism becomes understandable only after one attempt to change it. It often happens that management's awareness for a new organization design emerges only after the start of an intensive change process. And even if it were possible for an omniscient manager to develop a master blueprint before introducing organization change, it is doubtful that other employees would readily accept the new design or have the required skills for making the design work. For these reasons, managers need to be as skillful at handling the question of how to introduce change as they are in diagnosing what needs to be changed (Adams and Spencer, 1986). This essay focuses on large-scale organization change, not on individual or small groups. The latter are obviously essential building blocks to organization change, but do not assure that a larger organizational unit will itself be transformed. Attention to additional variables beyond the individual and group is required in any organizational change, including such dimensions as multiple levels of authority, relationships between departments, environmental forces impinging on the organization, the climate of the organization, and the nature of the work flow that moves across departmental boundaries. In this paper I will discuss the concept of leadership as I have understood from my experience of what I have seen in a professional service firm. I will also discuss the change management process and my role in it. Objectives Of Organization Change If one were to "step back" after observing a number of organization changes, a variety of goals would seem to be present. These goals may be explicit and written down, or they may be implied by the actions of management. On the surface, the most common goals can be categorized under such labels as higher performance, acceptance of new techniques, greater motivation, more innovation, increased cooperation, reduced turnover, and so forth. Organizational changes are frequently directed at one or more of these general goals. Underlying these more obvious goals are usually two overarching objectives: Changes in an organization's level of adaptation to its environment, and Changes in the internal behavioral patterns of employees. Organizations are continually struggling to adapt themselves better to their external environment. Because the management Leadership and Change :: Management Leadership and Change Management Introduction The gap between designing a new organization on paper and bringing it into reality is the domain of organization change and development. Kurt Lewin, a famous social psychologist, once wrote that a social organism becomes understandable only after one attempt to change it. It often happens that management's awareness for a new organization design emerges only after the start of an intensive change process. And even if it were possible for an omniscient manager to develop a master blueprint before introducing organization change, it is doubtful that other employees would readily accept the new design or have the required skills for making the design work. For these reasons, managers need to be as skillful at handling the question of how to introduce change as they are in diagnosing what needs to be changed (Adams and Spencer, 1986). This essay focuses on large-scale organization change, not on individual or small groups. The latter are obviously essential building blocks to organization change, but do not assure that a larger organizational unit will itself be transformed. Attention to additional variables beyond the individual and group is required in any organizational change, including such dimensions as multiple levels of authority, relationships between departments, environmental forces impinging on the organization, the climate of the organization, and the nature of the work flow that moves across departmental boundaries. In this paper I will discuss the concept of leadership as I have understood from my experience of what I have seen in a professional service firm. I will also discuss the change management process and my role in it. Objectives Of Organization Change If one were to "step back" after observing a number of organization changes, a variety of goals would seem to be present. These goals may be explicit and written down, or they may be implied by the actions of management. On the surface, the most common goals can be categorized under such labels as higher performance, acceptance of new techniques, greater motivation, more innovation, increased cooperation, reduced turnover, and so forth. Organizational changes are frequently directed at one or more of these general goals. Underlying these more obvious goals are usually two overarching objectives: Changes in an organization's level of adaptation to its environment, and Changes in the internal behavioral patterns of employees. Organizations are continually struggling to adapt themselves better to their external environment. Because the management

Shakespeares Macbeth - Appearance versus Reality - Quote Analysis :: essays research papers

Fair is foul, and foul is fair, a phrase that has become synonym with Macbeth. It is also the introduction to one of the most important themes of this tragedy: appearance and reality. Shakespeare uses various characters and situations to emphasize this confusion between the real and the surreal, the authentic and the fake, the act and the sincere. In order to discuss this theme, different characters will be looked at : in the first paragraph, the Witches, in the second, Duncan and in the third, Lady Macbeth. The Witches introduce the theme with the infamous phrase â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (scene 1, line 11) in the first scene. It’s functional for the Witches to say this in the beginning of the book, as they are the start of all the perplexity. They become the core of confusion when they awaken Macbeth’s ambition and transform his perspective of good and evil, making bad things look good and good things look bad. Ironically in connection with this, Banquo warns Macbeth, â€Å"Win us with honest trifles, to betray’s In deepest consequence† (1/3/125-126). The Witches continue to speak in contradicting language, such as â€Å"lesser than Macbeth, and greater† (1/3/65) and â€Å"Not so happy, yet much happier† (1/3/66) that adds to the sense of moral confusion, by implying that nothing is quite what it seems. Banquo’s warning is fulfilled at the end of the play when the Witches had won Macbeth’s trust with prophecies that became true –‘honest trifles’- and then betray him in the things that really mattered, his life and his country -‘deepest consequence’- to win his spirit for hell. Until his death, King Duncan was misled by Macbeth’s false loyalty. When the Thane of Cawdor had been found guilty of being a traitor and was hanged, King Duncan thought so highly of Macbeth, that he gave the title to him. The Thane then ironically dies with pride while Macbeth dies a foe of Scotland. The King was under the impression that Macbeth was a loyal and brave soldier, calling him â€Å"O worthiest cousin† (1/4/14), but Macbeth was actually already planning to kill the King, â€Å"whose murder yet is but fantastical† (1/3/139). Even when Duncan goes to visit Macbeth, he praises the castle’s pleasant environment and hospitality, â€Å"This castle hath a pleasant seat† (1/5/1), but is totally unaware of Macbeth’s plans to murder him. From the first time we meet Lady Macbeth, we get the impression of a strong-willed and bold person, an ideal wife.

Death by Landscape †Analysis Essay

Death by Landscape is a short story, written by Margaret Atwood in 1990. The Author is a Canadian novelist, poet and essayist as well as an environmental activist and feminist with many national and international awards for her writings and activities. She was born in Ottawa, Canada and started to write when she was six years old. At the age of 16 she already knew that she wants to become a professional writer. She grew up in the outback of northern Quebec, maybe that’s the reason for her love to nature and northern environments and this is what builds the frame of most of her works. The story was first published in 1991 and is a part of her short story collections. Death by Landscape describes the uneasy living with implanted guilt because of being accused of something what never happened or of just being at the wrong place to the wrong time. Margaret Atwood writes about an elderly woman, Lois, who lives in an apartment in Toronto (page1. block1). Lois brought her collection of paintings with her when she moved in this apartment from her former family house. These paintings are all landscapes of the Canadian outback and countryside with forests, trees, lakes and islands. Her husband Rob already died and her boys already grew up. She is living alone, alone with her memories, especially the memory to one particular happening in her youth when she grew up and went camping in a summer camp in Canada’s northern forests. She went to this camp â€Å"Manitou† since she was nine years old and since she was ten she had a special friend – Lucy – coming along to this summer camp with her. Lucy was from the United States, from Chicago, and she was brought to this summer Camp Manitou because her mother was Canadian and went also to this camp when she was young (p. ,bl. 3, par. 3/4). Her father who lost one eye in the war was American. When Lois was fourteen they went on a one week canoe trip which was Lois first- and her last one (p. 1, bl. 2). In this year – Atwood writes on page three block three – Lucy was different. She had different interests and did other things than in the past summer camps. Her father had a new wife, her mother a new husband. Lucy had a boyfriend who was sixteen and worked as a gardener’s assistant. She wasn’t happy with her stepfather and didn’t want to live with her father either. She wanted to run away from home (P. 3, bl. 3). When they left the camp to their canoe trip another character is introduced to the story. This is Cappie, the boss and the owner of Camp Manitou, who got the camp from her parents, and now – in the costume of an American native – sends the girls on their trip to the Canadian wilderness. Cappie wanted to be an Indian, adventurous and pure and aboriginal. The first two days of the canoe trip passed normally and nothing dangerous or spectacular happened. But then Atwood describes the third day on page 5 block one. They reached camp three â€Å"Little Birch† and Lois remembered any details of the happenings to the present day. Lois and her friend Lucy wanted to go on a lookout point, a cliff high above the water, to have a look at the view from there. On top of the cliff Lucy wanted to take a pee and Lois gave her some toilet paper. To give her privacy she walked away and let Lucy alone, just a few steps, just a few minutes. Lois heard Lucy shouting, no shout of fear, not a scream (page 6, block 1 at the end). When she returned to pick up her friend Lucy wasn’t there anymore. Lois got a shock and returned to the others. All searches remained unsuccessful. Lucy was gone and no one knows where she was, there was no trace of her at all. They broke up their trip and returned to Camp Manitou. The Police was looking for Lucy with dogs but couldn’t find a trace. Because of the loss of a child the camp did not survive. It was closed later. Cappie had a last questioning with Lois and asked Lois what she had talked with Lucy before she had disappeared. Lois told her that Lucy talked about diving from the cliff but Lois answer was â€Å"you have to be nuts† (p. ,bl2). Then Cappie said, â€Å"sometimes we are angry and we don’t know it, we lose our temper†. She was accusing Lois of pushing Lucy off the cliff. This was unfair and hits the girl like a slap (p. 7,bl. 2). – Now Lois is an old woman living alone in her apartment and realizes that she lived all her life with a feeling of guilt implanted in her fourteen year old head by Cappie, the owner of the camp. Death by Landscape does not end at this point. Lois is looking at the paintings on her wall. In all her paintings she sees her friend Lucy and she still can hear her shouting. On page eight block one Atwood writes that a dead person is a body and occupies space, a grave, but Lucy has no body, no grave. She only exists in Lois’ mind and – in her pictures on the wall. â€Å"You can’t see her exactly, but she’s there†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (page 8, block 2). Everyone has to be somewhere and the paintings are where Lucy is. In Lois’ mind she is still alive. Lois was going through the happenings of this particular day again and again, throughout her life, torturing herself with guilt and never really finding peace. This feeling of guilt was implanted in her mind from the frustrated owner of Camp Manitou, knowing about the consequences of the loss of a child in her camp. Lois knew that she didn’t push Lucy off the cliff, but she left her alone, just for a moment, unattended and unwatched, knowing about her unhappy family situation, knowing Lucy didn’t want to return to her family (p. 5, bl. 2). When Lucy said that she didn’t want to go back to Chicago this indicates even possible thoughts of suicide. As an adult Lois was able to see this, but as a fourteen year old child, as a friend of Lucy†¦? Lois had to live with this guilt all her life. Cappie, the owner of Camp Manitou wanted to have a reason for the loss of her camp. She wanted to have somebody to blame. She got what she wanted, not for the press, not for the police, but for herself. Lois said â€Å"Ididn’t! on page 7 block 2 and Coppie answered â€Å"didn’t what Lois? † – push my friend†¦ – left my friend†¦ – hit my friend†¦ – we don’t know exactly what Lois didn’t do, but Cappie planted guilt in the teenagers head, guilt the little girl had to live with for the rest of her life. Cappie needed an excuse for her own failure. Atwood’s story is very thrilling, entertaining and exciting. There are actually two stories in one. The first one is the story of Lois, the old lady living in her apartment in Toronto, thinking of her past, of her entire life. She could hardly remember important things of her life, what her husband looked like, the birth of her boys, but one life changing event she remembered in all the details like it had happened yesterday. On the other hand is the story of the young Lois and the terrifying disappearance of her friend Lucy. There is a lot of foreshadowing in the story what makes the reader suggesting that something terrible might happen. On page one block two Atwood writes it was Lois first canoe trip and it was her last one. The reader can already imagine that something bad happens to her on this trip. Another example is to read on page three block three when Atwood writes that she – Lucy – wants to run away from home. Also Lucy herself indicates later in the story that she doesn’t want to return to Chicago and finally on the cliff she tells her friend that it would be quite a dive off here (p. 5,bl. at the end). Atwood also uses allusions in her story. On page one block two she describes the reason for Lois to buy all these landscape paintings . She wanted something that was in them, although she could not have said what it was at the time. At the end it was her friend Lucy whom she saw in all these paintings. On page three in block two the author writes that Lucy always had a surprise or two. Something to show, a marvel to reveal. The reader immediately wants to know what is it, what does she have to show? This makes the story so exciting and keeps the readers curiosity. Canadian children go to a summer camp sooner or later in their lives. It is a part of their education. Nature is never far in Canada. Therefore everything is intimate and familiar, nothing is really strange for a Canadian reader. When the kids hang their open food into the trees to save it from eventually appearing bears the Canadians can find themselves in the story. The major happening itself is something we can find in nearly every daily newspaper. Kids disappear, are missing, being killed or accidently die. Everybody can imagine the shock of the participators. To conclude the Death by Landscape Margarete Atwood drew a wonderful picture of her Canadian home country in a captivating story. Enhancing the reader she reminds the necessity of intact families, the taking care of growing up children and the unpredictable things that can happen. Also Atwood describes the terrifying feelings of guilt which can drive someone to delusion and madness. Lois never forgot her friend in all those years, she still hears her voice and sees her image in her landscape paintings. This gives her friend Lucy a place for her body which has never been found in the Canadian wilderness.

Product positioning Essay

What do you do? Keep in mind that the question has to be answered from the customer’s point of view and clearly state what the product does for the customer. Customers develop opinions about companies and products, and the positioning of each in the mind of the customer always occurs in relation to the competition or the customer’s other alternatives (which may include doing nothing). While marketing communications play a part in developing the desired position, it’s worth noting that in reality customers make up their minds based on a wider range f factors, including packaging, pricing, product performance, references and media recommendations. Positioning fundamentals: Positioning is the single greatest influence on a customer’s buying decision. Each customer evaluates products in the market according to their mental map of the market. Positioning exists in customers’ minds, not in positioning statements. People do not easily or willingly change their minds about a product’s positioning. Positioning must first demonstrate a product’s relevance, using supportable, credible, nd factual terms. Making the product easier to buy through effective positioning makes the product easier to sell. Mapping the market Mapping the market involves identifying and staking out the most relevant customer segments. It enables you to establish and potentially control how your product is viewed in terms of benefit and differentiation. Benefit: The advantage conveyed by the product to the target customer based on his compelling reason to buy. makes you unique in the marketplace, at the same time bearing relevance to the Positioning template The positioning template can help you to express the fundamental value proposition that your product provides to a target customer and the market. It must identify the: target customer or market compelling reason to buy product’s placement within a new or existing category key benefit that directly addresses the compelling reason to buy primary alternative source (i. e. , competitor) of the same benefit key difference or point of differentiation Positioning statement The positioning template enables you to create a positioning statement, which xplains who you are, what you offer, whom it is for, and why it is important and compelling. The positioning statement should meet several key criteria: It effectively identifies the target customer or segment, and makes the situation clear and understandable. It makes your claim (and related benefit) concise, singular and compelling, and supports it by credible evidence. It makes the differentiation statement concise, singular, compelling, and supportable, and it reflects the target customer’s attributes and environment. It passes the â€Å"elevator test† (i. . , it can be explained in a few words). Using the template, a positioning statement can be structured like this: For (target customer or market)†¦ Who (have a compelling reason to buy)†¦ Our product is a (product’s placement within a new or existing category)†¦. That provides (key benefit that directly addresses the compelling reason to buy) Unlike (primary alternative source (i. e. , competitor) of the same benefit) Our product (key difference or point of differentiation in relation to the specific target customer) Positioning and market type In a new market, you must define the market and your company’s place within it. This involves positioning your company to visionary buyers as a thought leader within an emerging, highly promising market category. You must also demonstrate your product’s benefit or competitive advantage against existing products and the status quo. In an existing market, the positioning changes. Here, it must demonstrate to credible and comprehensive option for the customers’ needs. In order to achieve the desired positioning, your communication must clearly articulate your unique points of differentiation.

Project Sustainability

Executive summary This module is not a detailed study of all aspects of sustainability. The goal of this module is a general introduction into sustainability with a focus on the impact and the effect on projects  © University of Southern Queensland 2 MGT8021 – Project sustainability management throughout their life span. With this knowledge it should be possible for you to identify, understand and address the key issues related to definition and delivery of projects that adhere to current concepts of sustainability, and how to plan for the sustainment of those projects throughout their life span.The concept of sustainability is explored in terms of consumption of resources – this can apply to inputs that are required to the project ‘system’ in order to deliver the project outcomes, the processes by which the project is managed, and the nature of the outputs and their need for resources throughout their useful life span. A range of project sectors is consi dered in order to understand the different implications for each sector. Also, it must be remembered that sustainability works inside of a closed loop system.In all of your deliberations about sustainability and project management you must remember the need to maintain a systems approach. 1. 1 Sustainability issues in a project environment Sustainability is a term that evokes emotion in people about certain events or practices that affect our long term survival of ourselves and all other aspects of our planet. We need to be able to work through this emotion and focus on what is important in an objective and reflective way. By their very nature projects use and affect many resources throughout the life of the project.Some of these resources are consumed or adversely affected by the project. For example, if there was a project to build a new major airport, there would be many issues to consider, and the issue is can their resolution be sustained for the life of the airport? So, the qu estion we need to ask when addressing the project is ‘Can this project be sustained and for how long? ’ The resources required to sustain the project may be physical (natural resources) or they might simply be people (human resources). They could also include local resources as well as imported resources.As a result there are many dimensions of sustainability to consider in a project environment. In 1983 the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) convened under Gro Harlem Brundtland a commission to address the growing concern about the accelerating deterioration of the human environment and natural resources and the consequences of that deterioration for economic and social development. This became known as the Brundtland Commission. The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development in its 1987 Report titled Our Common Future as:Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the abil ity of future generations to meet their own needs (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987) A full copy of the report is available at http://www. un-documents. net/wced-ocf. htm There are other definitions but this one is often used as the baseline definition. The question that needs to be proactively addressed as we look at the resources required to construct and sustain a project, ‘will it be possible to sustain current and future resources? ’ There are two aspects of sustainability to a project.In the design and construction phases of the project, resources of all kinds are consumed. Similarly, during its operational life there is a need to  © University of Southern Queensland MGT8021 – Project sustainability management 3 provide resources so that the project can continue to operate profitably and efficiently throughout its life. This through life provision of resources is also known as the sustainment phase. This term is used by Defence, but it is also being used in the wider commercial areas. Blanchard (p. 350) provides a short description about sustaining system maintenance and support functions.But, to sustain these functions requires a capability to provide the range and depth of services for the expected life of the project, including extensions. We often think of project life in terms of years, but, more than likely, it will be decades or in the case of dams, centuries. So, it is important in terms of the project to understand the life of the project as well as the sustaining events for it. When dealing with terms that can have meanings depending upon the context of the situation as well as the potential for emotion, it is important to have a sound base on which to use the word, and to be able to defend its usage.A search of the Oxford English Dictionary shows that sustainability first appeared in the mid-1960s in a form that is consistent with contemporary usage. Its usage in the context of sustainable development is first referenced in 1972. So, it is a relatively new word. The On-Line Oxford English Dictionary defines sustainable development as follows: sustainable development n. (a) Econ. economic development which can be sustained in the long term; (b) Ecol. utilization and development of natural resources in ways which are compatible with the maintenance of these resources, and with the conservation of the environment, for future generations.When developing a project it is necessary to be able to determine the current and future needs of the project and the ability of the providers of the future to meet those needs. To carry out the sustainment work of maintenance will require facilities and workshops of different sources. Although these are technical designs, they are controlled by other factors such as planning laws. Therefore, to start developing a definition for sustainability we need to start by considering the wider meaning of sustainable development. Reading activity 1. 1 Selected reading 1. is the Sustainable Development Guidelines for the Brisbane City Council which is a large local government body in Queensland Australia (Brisbane City Council 2005). This reading will provide more indepth detail about sustainable development as required by a local government authority. On completion of this reading, carry out research to find out what your local government authority requires in terms of sustainable development. Compare the two approaches. Selected reading 1. 2 is a paper based on the work done by the Western Australia government on sustainability (Hartz-Karp & Newman 2006).Governments at all levels have an interest in sustainable development, and this paper describes the issues in setting up a sustainability program from first principles. After completing these readings, reflect on the wider issues of sustainability and the sustaining outcomes described by Blanchard. Can you identify the links between the different needs?  © University of Southern Queen sland 4 MGT8021 – Project sustainability management 1. 2 Reporting sustainability Given the diverse industries involved in projects, it would be difficult to have comparative and transparent reporting without some form of consistent process.This is achieved though the Global Reporting Initiativeâ„ ¢ (GRI) (Global Reporting Initiative 2008). The GRI is the world de facto standard on sustainability reporting. This is achieved though a set of guidelines, currently known as the G3. The purpose of these guidelines is for organizations to report their social, economic and environmental performance as routinely and with the same discipline as the financial reports. Many organizations routinely report on their sustainability credentials using the GRI G3 guidelines as the reporting standard.Reading activity 1. 2 Log onto www. globalreporting. org and familiarize yourself with the general content of the site. Read the G3 Guidelines to appreciate the range and depth of issues address ed in sustainability reporting. As can be seen from the G3 Guidelines, reporting imposes a significant workload on an organization. Also, as this is an important communication document for the organization, some industries can expect to have their sustainability report critically evaluated by groups within the community. Reading activity 1. 3Log onto websites for large organizations such as those suggested below and do internal searches for sustainability. Read these approaches and reports and see the extent to which this work is done. Now, if you were on a project within an organization such as this, with these reporting requirements, how would you approach this work? ? BHP Billiton at www. bhpbilliton. com ? Rio Tinto at www. riotinto. com ? Hydro Tasmania at www. hydro. com. au 1. 3 Sustainability impacts on management of projects Projects do not occur in a vacuum. They occur in a business environment that is closely monitored by many people.Many of these people have no direct in volvement on the project, but they are interested in it because of the way it could affect their lifestyle or the natural environment in some way. Traditionally, we talk about the shareholders of a project. Increasingly, business is being forced to consider Triple Bottom line (TBL) reporting. In this paradigm, shareholders are replaced by stakeholders. From a project management approach it is now necessary to make sure that a broader range of stakeholders than just shareholders is clearly identified. It is now  © University of Southern QueenslandMGT8021 – Project sustainability management 5 necessary to address the needs of stakeholders other than just shareholders, and these could be competing interests. Reading activity 1. 4 Read selected reading 1. 3 on sustainability in business (Dorf 2001). Consider the added requirements that emerging sustainability issues are placing on business. How do these issues get included in the overall budget for a project? As a project has a future life, it is not good enough to reinvent the past. It is necessary that you be able to consider future issues.These may be unclear early in the life of a project; but, you need to attempt to develop some idea of what sustainability issues will impact the future of the project. For example, a project might be a suburban rail system with an expected life of 40 years. How do you plan for appropriately trained people to maintain the system over the 40 years? One of the most critical aspects of through life project sustainability is obsolescence. The obsolescence could be in the form of parts, tools, facilities, or skills. At a higher level, obsolescence could be due to the technology or societal factors.An example is the demise of society’s acceptance of coal-fired power stations over the last few years. Obsolescence management is an important aspect of project management sustainability and requires good skills in understanding technology from all aspects. You need to be a ble to anticipate the changes that are likely to happen. This anticipation will usually rely upon reading about relevant and complementary topics as well as seeking specialized opinions. The reference list includes books that provide approaches to future issues and problems.Even though it may seem unrealistic at this time, carefully crafted future thinking may position your project far ahead of anything else at that time. The book Cradle to Cradle (McDonough & Braumgart 2002) is a good example of addressing the challenges we need to address. In the classic through-life approach we talk about ‘cradle to the grave’ to reflect that at the end of its useful life, equipment is disposed of in some way. In the ‘cradle to cradle’ concept the emphasis is on designing products and their packaging so that at the end of useful life they are regenerated, rather than just discarded thoughtlessly.Remaining Useful Life (RUL) is one of the measures of performance that is of ten used to asses an asset. This is usually calculated on classical economic bases to get the most profitable life out of an asset. However, it may be that other criteria included in the G3 or Triple Bottom Line reporting are the drivers of the Remaining Useful Life of the project. When considering the sustainability impact on projects it is necessary to take a systems view and think proactively about the through-life sustainability issues of a project.Just because the issue seems unrealistic at this time, does not mean that it could not turn into a significant problem to resolve in the future. That is, significant management problems may be created for the future.  © University of Southern Queensland 6 MGT8021 – Project sustainability management 1. 4 Sustainability considerations for project sectors In a practical sense, sustainability issues are driven by Environmental Impact Statements. There are two broad considerations: statutory and voluntary.In some projects (such as mining) there is a statutory requirement to perform an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and publish the findings in an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Don’t get caught up in the actual terms, as there is little consensus on what constitutes an EIA or an EIA. In most cases, it will be decided by the circumstances of the project. On other projects there may not be any statutory requirement; however, given the attitude of the community towards major projects, there may be a need for voluntary consideration of the issues addressed in Environmental Impact Statement requirements.It is not possible to identify all considerations for all sectors and table 1. 1 provides a summary of the key general considerations to be addressed. Table 1. 1: Environmental considerations by project sector Sector Considerations Aviation Air worthiness, passenger comfort, passenger safety, reputation Property Physical appearance, occupant safety, public safety Engineering Design strength, mai ntenance, maintenance support, integrity Infrastructure Service provision, public safety, extremely long life Software Media, programming skills, configuration, documentationQuite often there are numerous regulations that prescribe the issues to be considered for sustainability. This is achieved through environmental investigations into a particular project. The Wyaralong Dam is a new project to build a dam near Beaudesert, south of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. This project requires an Environmental Impact Statement, the details of which are available at: http://www. deedi. qld. gov. au/cg/wyaralong-dam-project. html Log onto the URL above and skim through the scope of considerations for such a project. Now, log onto the URL below for a fact sheet on environmental impact statements: http://www. pa. qld. gov. au/register/p00320aa. pdf While at this site navigate to the various links to obtain a wider perspective of the considerations of the environmental impact statements. Focu s on the first three elements of this fact sheet.  © University of Southern Queensland MGT8021 – Project sustainability management 7 ? assess the potential adverse and beneficial environmental, economic, and social impacts of the project; ? provide information to the public about the project and its impacts; ? obtain input from the community and stakeholders about the project, its impacts and management;These three elements address the core considerations that need to be addressed to demonstrate the sustainability of the project. Although there are many elements listed in the fact sheet, it is realistic to assume that if these three elements are not done correctly the project will find progress difficult for a number of reasons not associated with the technical aspects of the project. A significant issue that faces global organizations is to ensure that the sustainability considerations for projects that are legal in one jurisdiction are not illegal in another jurisdiction. Many larger organizations have Codes of Practice or Codes of Conduct to assure an independent legal authority that the integrity of their processes is compliant. Assuring project sustainability in your sector may fall into this realm of compliance reporting. You will need to find out to ensure that this matter is addressed otherwise it poses a significant legal and financial risk to the organization. That is, how do the governance responsibilities and accountabilities drive the requirements for sustainability considerations in your sector?To consolidate your understanding of sustainability considerations you should explore the statutory and voluntary considerations for project sustainability in your local area. 1. 5 Draft a sustainability model for a project A model is the description of reality. However, as many different people will have a diverse perception of reality, it is often difficult in a consensus environment developing a model. The risk adverse approach is to adopt a mod el developed by another group and adapt or adopt it for the group’s purpose. Sometimes this will work and sometimes it will not.Even with these difficulties it is still beneficial to consider the elements of a sustainability model. Reading activity 1. 5 Selected reading 1. 4 is a report on a national sustainability initiative. Sustainability models can take many forms and have different starting points, and an example of this is the Australian National Sustainability Initiative (ANSI) (Australian National Biocentre Inc. 2004). Look at the cover photo. It shows the interface between urban and un-developed land, with a creek as the boundary. If you look at the creek you will notice that it is a series of water holes.Now, count how many swimming pools are located in the adjoining private residences. Can our water courses sustain private swimming pools? Read through this initiative and form your own views about whether this document offers a baseline as a suitable model for susta inability? If it does: how and why; if it does not: how and why not?  © University of Southern Queensland 8 MGT8021 – Project sustainability management The basic model for sustainability is based on the balance between economics, ecology and society. Dorf (2001) paragraph 2. 3 addresses this triple bottom line approach.Figure 1. 1 provides an approach to a general model for sustainability. Figure 1. 1: The interdependence of economics, ecology and society (Source: Dorf 2001, p. 43) In this model the three elements of triple bottom line accounting are divided into four main groups of corporation, cultural values, community, and person. These groups are further subdivided into twelve components to be considered. In your current or future experience you will come across models with more than 100 components. Dorf (2001, p. 51) lists ten principles of sustainable business practices.There practices were developed by the Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economics (CERES). In these examples from Dorf we see approaches to models based on a relatively few components. In drafting a model it is suggested that you work with 10–12 components to keep it understandable. If there are too many components it will be difficult to maintain comprehension of what is being modeled and this will make it difficult to communicate your model. Key aspects will get lost in the minutia of the detail. The twelve points proposed in figure1. are analogous to the standard twelve points of the compass, and this makes it easy to present to a wider audience. Other approaches to a model include the G3 reporting framework (Global Reporting Initiative 2008). The G3 describes how sustainability should be reported and this makes it a model in its own right. But this is a very detailed approach and is probably better approached through a more general higher model such as in Figure 1. 1. When drafting a sustainability model it is necessary to collect as many approaches to a model as is possible and to make them as inclusive as possible.The key issue is to be able to find the balance for your project that is accepted by the wider stakeholders, and does not trivialize important issues. This might mean that you have to research many aspects of the project, other than its technical components in order to draft a good model. In the supplementary reading list are several titles that provide a range of views to consider when developing project management strategies and plans.  © University of Southern Queensland MGT8021 – Project sustainability management 9 In this module we look at sustainability as a separate issue.However, it must be seen as part of the quality management system of an organization. ISO9000 is a set of standards for quality management maintained by the International Organization for Standardization , and proposes figure 2. 1 as a model for the delivery of quality within an organization. Sustainability is part of the quality system and s hould not be treated separately from it or exclude it. In this context, the quality system should also include project management standards such as those in the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) (Project Management Institute 2004).Thus, the key drivers in the project are addressed through the one paradigm of quality. Figure 1. 2: Model of a process-based quality management system (Source: ISO9000 2006, p. 3) In the quality diagram shown in figure 1. 2, the various stakeholders are clearly identified as input customers who are imposing requirements on the system. In the product realization phase, (the project) the requirements come to life and treated as part of the continuously improving aspects of the quality management systems. For those who use Six Sigma processes in their organization, the same link is made.A model for sustainability should not be seen as a separate model, but inclusive of and derived for and from the quality management system. All of the sustainability issues and considerations that we have addressed can be addressed within the quality management system model. This is probably the most powerful model to represent the commitment of the organization to sustainability. Conclusions Projects are an important mechanism to deliver the goods and services of all types that we require for living. This also includes the delivery of goods and services in the aid of others or natural disasters. University of Southern Queensland 10 MGT8021 – Project sustainability management Projects do not exist in a vacuum and impact on all aspects of society, economy and resources. This is represented by the triple bottom line approach to accounting, and this puts projects beyond the classic economic theory decision processes. There is increasing pressure on organizations to deliver projects that are more than simply good profit to the shareholders. The current and increasing requirement emphasizes the need to ensure that the project a lso brings benefits to society as a whole.To be able to consider this wider systems approach, it is necessary to proactively adopt an approach to projects that places correct emphasis on components that affect the sustainability of the project. These components could be as economically obtuse as placing high value on areas of biodiversity as the more measurable of higher levels of Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT). Being able to successfully navigate through sustainability issues is an increasingly important skill of the project manager.